guide/Ubuntu-Primary-Settings.md

Ubuntu System Setup Guide

1. Update and Upgrade Ubuntu System

To ensure your system is up to date, run the following commands:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

This will update the package list and upgrade all installed packages.

---

2. Create a New Sudo User

Creating a new sudo user helps maintain security instead of using the root account.

Step 1: Add a New User

Replace username with your desired username:

sudo adduser username

You will be prompted to enter a password and user details.

Step 2: Grant Sudo Privileges

sudo usermod -aG sudo username

This adds the user to the sudo group, allowing administrative access.

Step 3: Verify the User Has Sudo Access

Switch to the new user:

su - username

Run a test command:

sudo whoami

If successful, it should return root.

---

3. Disable Root SSH Access

To enhance security, disable SSH access for the root user.

Step 1: Edit the SSH Configuration File

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Step 2: Find and Modify the Following Line

Change:

PermitRootLogin yes

To:

PermitRootLogin no

Step 3: Save and Exit

Press CTRL+X, then Y, and hit ENTER to save the file.

Step 4: Restart the SSH Service

sudo systemctl restart ssh

Step 5: Verify Root SSH is Disabled

Try logging in as root via SSH:

ssh root@your-server-ip

It should now be blocked.

---

4. Additional Security Measures

• Use SSH key authentication instead of passwords.
• Change the default SSH port to a non-standard port.
• Use firewalls like ufw to allow only necessary connections.

---

Done! 🎉

Your Ubuntu system is now updated, secure, and configured with a sudo user.